Which of these statements about Gram-negative bacteria is true?

Gram-negative bacteria are characterized by their unique cell wall structure, which consists of a thin layer of peptidoglycan surrounded by an outer membrane. This outer membrane contains lipopolysaccharides and lipoproteins, contributing to the distinct properties of Gram-negative organisms.

One of the key features of Gram-negative bacteria that makes the statement about their antibiotic resistance accurate is that the outer membrane serves as a protective barrier. This barrier can prevent certain antibiotics, particularly those targeting the peptidoglycan layer (like penicillins), from effectively penetrating the cell and reaching their target. In addition, many Gram-negative bacteria have efflux pumps that can expel antibiotics, enhancing their resistance.

Therefore, while not all Gram-negative bacteria are resistant to all antibiotics, they often exhibit a higher level of resistance to many antimicrobial agents compared to Gram-positive bacteria due to their structural differences. This characteristic is crucial for understanding the treatment of infections caused by Gram-negative pathogens.