What is the primary function of nucleic acids in cells?

The primary function of nucleic acids in cells is to carry genetic information. Nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, are essential macromolecules that store and transmit genetic data, which includes all instructions necessary for the growth, development, functioning, and reproduction of all living organisms. DNA serves as the long-term storage of genetic information and contains the sequences of bases that code for proteins, while RNA plays several roles, including transmitting this genetic information to be translated into proteins and sometimes even having roles in regulating gene expression.

The importance of nucleic acids is underscored by their central role in heredity, where genetic information is passed from one generation to the next, ensuring continuity and variation in species. Additionally, the ability of nucleic acids to undergo mutations leads to evolution and adaptability among living organisms. Thus, the primary role of nucleic acids is crucial for life because they encapsulate the instructions that drive cellular functions and organismal traits.