What is binary fission?

Binary fission is a method of asexual reproduction used by bacteria, where a single bacterial cell divides into two identical daughter cells. This process begins with the replication of the bacterium's genetic material, followed by the elongation of the cell. Afterward, the cell membrane and wall constrict, ultimately leading to the formation of two separate cells. This method is essential for bacterial growth and is a rapid way for bacteria to increase their population, especially under favorable environmental conditions.

In contrast, sexual reproduction involves the combination of genetic material from two different organisms, which is not the case with binary fission. Additionally, binary fission is specifically associated with prokaryotic organisms like bacteria, whereas eukaryotes often undergo more complex processes of cell division, such as mitosis or meiosis. Lastly, while genetic recombination does occur in bacteria through mechanisms like transformation, transduction, or conjugation, it is not a feature of binary fission itself.