What do the terms "microbes" encompass?

The term "microbes" is used to broadly refer to a wide variety of microscopic organisms, which include not only bacteria but also fungi, archaea, protozoa, and viruses. This comprehensive definition is key for understanding the diversity of life forms that are studied in microbiology.

Microorganisms, or microbes, are typically characterized by their microscopic size and can be unicellular or multicellular. While many of these organisms exist as single-celled entities, others, like certain fungi, may be multicellular. Viruses, although not classified as living organisms in the traditional sense, are also included in the broader category of microbes due to their microscopic nature and their significant role in various ecosystems and human health.

This inclusive definition distinguishes "microbes" from more limited classifications, such as those that only recognize single-celled organisms or focus solely on harmful pathogens. By understanding that microbes encompass both microorganisms and viruses, one gains a more complete perspective on their complexities, functions, and interactions within different environments.